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本来不想专门发个帖子说明护照办理流程的帖子了。不过有个师弟私下问我的时候很多流程概念不清楚，找了下网上的攻略，看了下，不是时间有点老了，就是有些地方并不准确。另外，985，211高校走高水平公派攻读博士学位的基本都能办起来了。
所以还是得写一个。背景以上海为例（北京，广州等等城市思路都可复制，请自行举一反三）
1.所需材料：户籍证明（外地同学）或户口本（上海同学），身份证，身份证复印件（双面复印，因为算是有一定的格式，所以建议搞不清楚的同学还是去办护照的地方统一让他们复印，价格好像比较贵些，5毛一张大概，小钱不要省），户口本复印件（户籍证明的话就不用复印啦）是复印第一页户主还有自己那页，同样搞不清楚的话到那复印。特别提醒，户籍证明（外地同学）或户口本（上海同学），身份证都要也要带原件去现场check的，提醒马大哈们别忘记了。
2.去哪办？
网上的很多说法是上海是专门要去位于浦东民生路1500号的上海出入境总局办的，其实不然，那人又多又要排队，路又遥远（对浦西的来说）。
特别提醒，办理护照，各个区的出入境窗口都可以办理。
所以完全可以根据自己所在位置的远近挑选出入境窗口办理（一般周一至周六都能办理，但是强烈推荐学生朋友们工作日去办理，空空荡荡，周六要排长队）
我列一些区的出入境，
上海市公安局出入境管理局（普陀分局），上海市普陀区大渡河路1913号（华师大本校，华政本校同学近）
上海市公安局出入境管理局（虹口分局），虹口区闵行路260号（复旦，同济同学近）
上海市公安局出入境管理局（杨浦分局），平凉路2057号（复旦，同济，上理工近）
西南片的大学，松江大学城的朋友都可以自己google靠近的去出入境办理。
3．简单程序：到达出入境管理处，先取号（一般工作日区出入境随到随办，也没什么好排队的）。
另外，照片我还是要多罗嗦一下，护照用到的是小两寸的照片（既非那种两寸，又非一寸），搞不清的我还是那句话，别在乎小钱，当场拍（贵也是小贵）
拿表，填表都有具体的信息贴着教你怎么写，没什么问题。
如果要办理护照办好之后快递给你的话，就去相应窗口办理，上海这个快递是专门的快递，是上门送到人的，还是比较负责认真吧。
办护照的费用是200元，如果你是选择快递到你手的话，是快递员给你后，你向快递员支付200.如果你选择的是去柜台领取护照的话，那就是领取的时候支付 200元。
4.不罗嗦了，当场办完之后，回给你个回执的，这个要收好，领取的时候要带着。
5.制作护照的时间是10个工作日左右。http://116.228.198.16/eemis_tydic/ 可以查询制作状态
6.领取的时候，如果回执上写着“委托领取“，则可由他人代领，只要带回执和２００元即可。
7.护照快递可以寄到外省市的，５０元。浦东２０元，其他区（除崇明）３０元。
It used to be standard practice to shave the area around the
incision before surgery, as it was thought that hair harbored bacteria
that would cause wound infection. Beginning in the 1970s, doctors found
this was unnecessary, and in fact was associated with higher incidence
of post-operative infection. This history comes to mind in reading March
2010 BioTechniques report by researchers from University of Guelph
demonstrating that DNA suitable for PCR and sequencing can be obtained
simply by leaving specimens in alcohol overnight!
Of the three steps required to get from a specimen to a DNA
barcode, namely DNA isolation, PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and
sequencing, the first step is the most labor intensive and hardest to
automate. Numerous protocols/kits have been developed to optimize DNA
isolation from various types of specimens, such as plant vs animal
tissues. As described by the Guelph researchers, “these procedures force
cells to release their DNA via physical pertubation and/or chemical
treatment, which is then followed by a clean-up procedure in which
unwanted cellular compoents are separated from the DNA.” The researchers
“hypothesized that a small amount of DNA leaks from the tissue into the
preservation solution (usually ethanol), and that this DNA was
amplifiable using a standard PCR protocol.” To start, they analyzed
Monte Alban mescal, which is sold with a “worm” (a caterpillar of the
agave moth, Hypopta agavis) in each bottle. They evaporated 50
mL mescal, re-dissolved the residue in water, applied this to a Qiagen
MinElute spin column, resuspended the product in 50 μL water, and used 2
μL of resulting solution in a standard 25 μL PCR reaction, with
successful amplification and sequencing of 130 base mini-barcode of COI.
This case was presumably challenging as mescal is only 40% ethanol and
contains a variety of material that might inhibit PCR. In subsequent
tests, 1 mL of 95% ethanol used to preserve specimens was evaporated,
resuspended in 30 μL of water without column
purification, and 2 μL used for PCR.
By evaporating 1 mL of ethanol in which specimens had been stored
overnight (out of 2 mL total ethanol volume) and re-suspending residue
in water, Shokralla and colleagues amplified and sequenced 130-base and
650-base fragments of COI and 1100-base fragment of 28s RNA from 25
whole insect specimens (mayflies, caddisflies; 1 gave COI only) and rbcL
from 45 plant specimens (0.5 mm leaf samples). They also obtained COI
sequences by sampling 1 mL of ethanol solution from 7 insect specimens
stored at room temperature for 7 to 10 years. The researchers note this
approach could facilitate for “high-throughput” analyses, as it involves
liquid handling which is easy to automate, avoids destructive sampling,
and could be used even when “there is simply no sample left for further
analysis.” They conclude with a caution about “field sampling
procedures that include placing mixtures of specimens in an ethanol jar”
as this “may increase the chance of cross-contamination.”
The remarkably simple procedure reported by Shokralla and colleagues
offers benefits to many persons who want to get DNA barcode
identifications. I look forward to applications of this method in
research and commercial laboratories, classrooms, and perhaps kitchens!
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交谈内容比较混杂，基本就是大概的闲聊，没有特别有针对的话题，说到那里是那里，我2
，推荐信：除非是美国人写，否则国内再牛的写都没用，理由同GPA5
关于奖学金：理工科奖学金比较多，尤其是工科，人文科学还有其他比较小的理工课前比因为我表弟是EE专业，所以他就说了点自己对EE的看法，他说，EE很好找工作，不过这个专业的潜力有限，
尤其是集成电路那块。他说现在量子技术已经成了主流，IBM之所以把ThinkPad买给联想就是觉得集成这一块潜力已经挖崛
的差不多了，等等。然后说了一堆数据试图证明，没懂。。。# j9 p4 s. ( u5 K
# C- d/ f9 X( T/ u/ o
10、
其他的一些学校，说的比较乱，都是一笔带过的：Duke对学生的要求比较综合，不会很扣你的某
一个条件，但是比较贵，U of Utah其实不错，U of boston也不错，加州推荐伯克利，中流的UC不上也罢；SUNY有几个学校很不错（具体没说那个），各
种公立的学校都不会太差而且比较便宜，常青藤非常难进+贵，没有特别的想法就放弃把，等等，然后说了美国学生选校：3/1 dream
school+1/3 acceptable+1/3backup(和我们差不多)，不过他说美国学生很少申请超过9所学校的; y)k& o
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